Étude 1 sur 7 · Les premiers disciples

  1. Étude 1 : Les premiers disciples
  2. Study 2: The Samaritan woman and the water of life
  3. Étude 3 : L’acharnement du Sanhédrin, condamnation officielle
  4. Étude 4 : Les efforts de Pilate pour sauver Jésus
  5. Étude 5 : Le débat sur la date de la mort de Jésus
  6. Étude 6 : L’heure de la crucifixion ?
  7. Étude 7 : Le jour exact du dernier repas de Paque ?

The ministry of John the Baptist

  • PER033 The first disciples

    The article examines Jesus’ first meeting with his earliest disciples, reported only by John. Andrew and John recognise Jesus as the Messiah and decide to follow him. A significant moment is Jesus’ transformation of Simon Peter’s identity, marking their commitment. This account offers a unique perspective absent from the Synoptic Gospels.

    John 1.35-42 (King James Version) :
    Again the next day after John stood, and two of his disciples;And looking upon Jesus as he walked, he saith, Behold the Lamb of God!And the two disciples heard him speak, and they followed Jesus.Then Jesus turned, and saw them following, and saith unto them, What seek ye? They said unto him, Rabbi, (which is to say, being interpreted, Master,) where dwellest thou?He saith unto them, Come and see. They came and saw where he dwelt, and abode with him that day: for it was about the tenth hour.One of the two which heard John speak, and followed him, was Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother.He first findeth his own brother Simon, and saith unto him, We have found the Messias, which is, being interpreted, the Christ.And he brought him to Jesus. And when Jesus beheld him, he said, Thou art Simon the son of Jona: thou shalt be called Cephas, which is by interpretation, A stone.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Audience: Beginners

The beginning of the ministry in Galilee

  • PER046 The Samaritan woman and the water of life

    The article examines Jesus’ encounter with a Samaritan woman at the well of Sychar, described in John 4:4–26, emphasising the spiritual meaning of the living water Jesus offers.

    John 4.4-26 (King James Version) :
    And he must needs go through Samaria.Then cometh he to a city of Samaria, which is called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph.Now Jacob’s well was there. Jesus therefore, being wearied with his journey, sat thus on the well: and it was about the sixth hour.There cometh a woman of Samaria to draw water: Jesus saith unto her, Give me to drink.(For his disciples were gone away unto the city to buy meat.)Then saith the woman of Samaria unto him, How is it that thou, being a Jew, askest drink of me, which am a woman of Samaria? for the Jews have no dealings with the Samaritans.Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith to thee, Give me to drink; thou wouldest have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water.The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to draw with, and the well is deep: from whence then hast thou that living water?Art thou greater than our father Jacob, which gave us the well, and drank thereof himself, and his children, and his cattle?Jesus answered and said unto her, Whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again:But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life.The woman saith unto him, Sir, give me this water, that I thirst not, neither come hither to draw.Jesus saith unto her, Go, call thy husband, and come hither.The woman answered and said, I have no husband. Jesus said unto her, Thou hast well said, I have no husband:For thou hast had five husbands; and he whom thou now hast is not thy husband: in that saidst thou truly.The woman saith unto him, Sir, I perceive that thou art a prophet.Our fathers worshipped in this mountain; and ye say, that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship.Jesus saith unto her, Woman, believe me, the hour cometh, when ye shall neither in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem, worship the Father.Ye worship ye know not what: we know what we worship: for salvation is of the Jews.But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father seeketh such to worship him.God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth.The woman saith unto him, I know that Messias cometh, which is called Christ: when he is come, he will tell us all things.Jesus saith unto her, I that speak unto thee am he.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The last day up to the crucifixion

  • PER346 The relentlessness of the Sanhedrin, official condemnation

    PER346 analyzes the official condemnation of Jesus by Pontius Pilate under the relentless pressure of the Sanhedrin. In Jerusalem, on Friday morning, the crowd, manipulated by the religious leaders, demands crucifixion. Pilate, politically trapped, yields despite the absence of any valid charge. The study addresses the irregularities of the trial and the chronological question of the 'sixth hour' in John 19.14, through a synoptic approach to the four Gospels.

    John 19.14 (King James Version) :
    And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King!
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER348 Pilate’s Efforts to Save Jesus

    The pericope PER348 examines Pontius Pilate’s repeated attempts to save Jesus during the trial before the praetorium in Jerusalem, on a Friday morning. Based mainly on John 19.4-15, it traces the political and religious pressures that lead Pilate to condemn Jesus despite his conviction of his innocence. This passage reveals the tension between justice, political power and religious authority during the Passion of Christ.

    Matthew 27.15-30 (King James Version) :
    Now at that feast the governor was wont to release unto the people a prisoner, whom they would.And they had then a notable prisoner, called Barabbas.Therefore when they were gathered together, Pilate said unto them, Whom will ye that I release unto you? Barabbas, or Jesus which is called Christ?For he knew that for envy they had delivered him.When he was set down on the judgment seat, his wife sent unto him, saying, Have thou nothing to do with that just man: for I have suffered many things this day in a dream because of him.But the chief priests and elders persuaded the multitude that they should ask Barabbas, and destroy Jesus.The governor answered and said unto them, Whether of the twain will ye that I release unto you? They said, Barabbas.Pilate saith unto them, What shall I do then with Jesus which is called Christ? They all say unto him, Let him be crucified.And the governor said, Why, what evil hath he done? But they cried out the more, saying, Let him be crucified.When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, but that rather a tumult was made, he took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, saying, I am innocent of the blood of this just person: see ye to it.Then answered all the people, and said, His blood be on us, and on our children.Then released he Barabbas unto them: and when he had scourged Jesus, he delivered him to be crucified.Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the common hall, and gathered unto him the whole band of soldiers.And they stripped him, and put on him a scarlet robe.And when they had platted a crown of thorns, they put it upon his head, and a reed in his right hand: and they bowed the knee before him, and mocked him, saying, Hail, King of the Jews!And they spit upon him, and took the reed, and smote him on the head.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Reliability of the Scriptures and other doctrinal topics

  • CHR009 The debate over the date of Jesus’ death

    The article analyzes the proposed dates of Jesus’ death, 7 April AD 30 and 1 April AD 33, based on the Gospels, history, and astronomical calculations.

    Daniel 9.24-27 (King James Version) :
    Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined.And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Contradictions

  • CTD027 The hour of the crucifixion?

    The article clarifies an apparent contradiction in the Gospels concerning the time of Jesus' crucifixion by explaining that they use different systems of timekeeping. Mark follows Jewish time while John follows Roman time, thus harmonizing the accounts.

    John 19.14 (King James Version) :
    And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King!
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • CTD038 The exact day of the last Passover meal?

    The article explores apparent differences between the Gospels concerning the chronology of the crucifixion in relation to Passover. Different Jewish calendars explain these differences, leading to the conclusion that the texts are compatible.

    Mark 14.12-17 (King James Version) :
    And the first day of unleavened bread, when they killed the passover, his disciples said unto him, Where wilt thou that we go and prepare that thou mayest eat the passover?And he sendeth forth two of his disciples, and saith unto them, Go ye into the city, and there shall meet you a man bearing a pitcher of water: follow him.And wheresoever he shall go in, say ye to the goodman of the house, The Master saith, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples?And he will shew you a large upper room furnished and prepared: there make ready for us.And his disciples went forth, and came into the city, and found as he had said unto them: and they made ready the passover.And in the evening he cometh with the twelve.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Further reading
  • ANN026 The hour of the crucifixion

    The article explores the differences in timing in the Gospels concerning the crucifixion of Jesus. The Synoptic Gospels and John give different hours, raising debates…

  • ANN027 The Last Passover Meal

    The article analyzes the chronology of the last Passover according to the Gospels, emphasizing that Jesus was crucified on Friday, April 1, 33, in accordance…

  • ANN045 The debate over the date of Jesus’ death

    The article ANN045 examines the debate on the date of the death of Jesus, comparing the two main hypotheses: April 7, AD 30…